Graphoscope.



UNITED STATES EEICE.

` LEOPOLD LEWIS, OE NEW YORK, N. Y. i

eRAPHosOOPE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 709,415, dated September 16, 1902,'.

Application led June 6, 1902. Serial No. 110,532- (No model.)

`To a/ZZ whom it nung/concern:

Be it )known that l, LEOPOLD LEWIS, a citi- `Zen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain newl and useful Improvements in Grraphoscopes,.of` whichthe Following is a specification.` 1 A i A r This invention relates to graphoscopes, and `has particular reference to theV inannerof viewing pictures `and to the adjustments therefor.

i Theinvention is chiey useful for artists in copying pictures.` i

' The Objects of the invention are, first, to provide meanswhereby a perfect and direct View may behad of any particularportion ot' the picture that it is desired to inspect; sec! `ondly, to provide means for supporting the graphoscopo on the ground, a table, or for i attachment to an easel, and, thirdly, to so construct the parts forfocusiug that there `will be no obstructionsat the lens, though the `focusing is accomplished by moving the lens back and forth..r i

. Other objects and their advantages will `hereinafter appear` andthe novel features thereof will be specically defined by the claims. y i i The accompanyin,gr drawings, which forni a scopeforiningl the subject of my invention.

. Flgure lis aside elevation of the graphescope; Fig. 2,afront elevation ofthe lens, its 35 holder,and the picture to be viewed. Fig.

3 is a detail of the legs of the graphoscope iwhen used Ona table, and Fig. 4L shows a f bracket usedwhen the graphoscope is to be "attached to an easel.

The graphoscope proper is supported on a rod 5 and is adjustably secured thereto bya joint consisting` of a disk 6, forminglthe end in Figs. 1 and 3.

"moved from the stand 10 `and turned to the part of this specification, `illustrate agraphoposition indicated by the broken lines at 11 in Fig. 1. Thus a stand is formed having three legs, the free end ot the rodl 5 serving as one leg and the arms 12 and 13 as the other two. A post 15,carrying any suitable picturerack, as at 16, is mounted to turn on the thumb-screw 17, carried by the socket 7. A bar-frame or base 18, upon Whichthe Working parts of the lens are moun-ted, is constructed to slide in the socket 7 and is provided With notches 19 along the upper edge for engagement with a spring 20, secured to the socket 7, thereby securing the slide-bar or frame 18 against accidental sliding. One end of the `slide-bar or frame 18 is provided with a split spherical socket 21, which, together with a ball22, carried by a socket 23,` forms a universal joint,in ade tightor loose by the thumbscrew 2st.

Sliding in the socket 23 is a bar 25, held against accidental sliding by notchesf and a spring 27, similar to that explained above. The upper end` of the slideloar 25 is provided with four spring-lingers 28, arranged to form a socket for the ha'ndle of the magnifying or minifying lens 29. It is obvious that thesize of the socket and the pressure of the springfingers 2S ou the handle of. the lens can be regulated by a ring 30, constructed to slide up and down on the fingers 2S.

Fig. 4 illustrates still another `forin'of support for the graphoscope, consisting of a bracket made up ot' anumber of bars 31, revolubly attached to each other, as at 32, pro-` vided at one end with a clamp 33 for attachment to an easel or other convenient object and at the other end with a collar or socket 34, through which the rod 5 may pass and be clamped by the set-screw 35. This form of support will be found convenient when copying for a large reproduction, as here the heights and places necessary to locate the graphoscope are not accessible with the previ- Ously-described stands or those now on the market. ,Y

The slide-bar or frame 1S may be tilted should the position of the user make it more convenient.

The graphoscope forming. the subject of this invention is constructed to collapse'for convenience in transportation` to within a ICO very smallspace. The post 15 can be turned down to a position such as at 36, together with the picture-rack, ifdesired. The slidebar 25 can be turned down tothe position 37, and the slide-bar or frame 18, and with it the socket 7 ,can be turned down about the thumbscrew 8 to take a vertical position along the side of the stand-post 9.

In graphoscopes' heretofore used only the immediate portion of the picture opposite the centerof the lens, or, in other words, the portionimpinged upon by the principal axis mot the lens, appeared clear, the rest of the picture appearingblurred and disproportionate. This disguration seems solely to be the result of the spherical and chromatic aberration. I overcome this difficulty by constructing my graphoscope so that the principal axis of the lens can be adjusted to im pinge on any part of the picture it is desired to inspect. There are two ways to do this in my invention, one by moving the lens up and down and right and left, Fig. 2,in aplane paralleled to the picture, thereby7 covering all points on the picture, and the other way by merely tilting and turning thea-lens, and thereby directing the principal axis to any point of the picture desired, as at y y.

A casting having the two legs 12 and 13 above mentioned may be soldered to the socket7 instead of to the rod 5 and still'have the same functions, or two such castings may differently located may be used to carry out ture-holder can be changed, but

What I do claiml is- 1.'In a graphoscope, the combination of a picture-rack 16, a lens 29, a frame 18, a socket 7, a rod 5, and a stand 10 with a lensholder 25, mounted ou a universal joint, substantially as described.

2. In a graphoscope,.the combination of a picture-rack 16, a lens 29, a lens-holder 25, a frame 18, a rod 5and a stand 10; with a support 31 for the graphoscope having a clamp 33, for attachment to an easel or the like, and

independent of the said stand 10, legs 12 andr lens, a picture-rack, a frame, and means for focusing; together with means for movingthe principal axis of thelens to impinge on any point of the picture to be viewed", substantially asdescribed. j

5. In agraphoscope the combination of a lens, apicture-rack, a frame, means for focusing; together with a universal joint for changing the relative positions of the said lens and said' picture-rack, substantially as described.

6. In a graphoscope the combination of a lens, a picture-holder, a frame, and means for focusing; together with means for adjusting the relative lateral and vertical positions of the said lens and the said picture-holder, substantially as described.

7. In a graphoscope the combination of a 4 May, A. D. 1902.

LEOPOLD LEWIS. Witnesses:

` KATHARINE MACMAHON, CLARENCE M. LEWIS. 

